May 02, 2015 introduction to lightning protectionintroduction to lightning protection lightning definitionslightning definitions air terminal a strike termination device that is aair terminal a strike termination device that is a receptor for attachment of flashes to the lightningreceptor for attachment of flashes to the lightning protection. The multipoint discharge method of lightning protec tion was patented in 1930. The 780 document covers many specialty constructions from hazardous materials storage to boats and ships to. Lpi publishes this booklet, lpi 175, based on nfpa 780, with additional explanatory material helpful to installer and inspector member personnel. The lightning protection institute lpi adopts the latest edition of the nfpa 780 standard as its reference document for system design. The lightning protection institute has approved the issuance of drawing stamps by the organization to promote member certifications.
Pdf lightning protection guide 3rd updated edition adrian. Pdf the art and science of lightning protection semantic. As lightning seeks the path of the least resistance, it naturally tends to follow the shortest way between cloud and earth, such as buildings or towering projections. This chapter details methods of estimating lightning strike probabilities, the risk associated with this hazard and. For a finite period, bs eniec 62305 and bs 6651 ran in parallel, but as of august 2008, bs 6651 has been withdrawn and now bs eniec 63205 is the. Lightning protection systems are the modern development of the innovation pioneered by benjamin franklin. The importance of lightning protection 6 7 key considerations identifying the need for both external and internal lightning protection for effective cover against lightning strikes technical design service 8 9. He evidently dis carded the dissipation method in favor of the rod. Experimental analysis of preventive lightning protection methods. Content types of protection 20 31 general requirements 20 types of protection to electrical equipment 21 types of protection to nonelectrical equipment 22 increased safety ex eb 23 non. This paper presents an overview of the various types of lightning overvoltages that can arise on overhead power distribution networks, as well as typical voltage. However, the refs 2, 3 can provide some useful overview on lightning protection systems covered by standards such as. Of explosion protection unwanted ignitions are older than mankind.
Information related to construction of facility radio frequency rf grounds. Safeguarding your electrical systems why is transient overvoltage protection so important. The lightning protection system must be solidly and permanently grounded. Following summary paragraph on lightning protection levels lpl are based on this standard. Bs eniec 62305 lightning protection general standard principles. None of these systems claims to protect against 100% of the possibility of a lightning stroke arriving near protective area. South african national standard protection against lightning physical damage to structures and life hazard warning can only be used in conjunction with the sans 62305 series. Earthing and lightning protection systems maintenance free download as word doc.
Thus, documented methods for the special protection of equipment from lightning cannot be found in the two main codes or the lightning protection standard that are systematically referred to for practically all general construction in the united states. Lightning protection for buildings typical down conductor arrangements method 2 lightning protection for building bonding of extraneous equipment lightning protection test points provide a joint for test purposes at approximately 1m from finished floor level in an accessible location, unless otherwise detailed, on every down conductor. The theory of using such methods were introduced to lightning protection as the socalled. Fundamentals of lightning protection systems page 1 of 14 fundamentals of lightning protection systems, edition 1c september 2011. It can serve as a useful guide to justify additional cost incurred by additioh. Zipse, fellow, ieee abstractthe successful 200yearold method of using a franklin rod to collect, control, and convey to earth. Master installer, master installer designer, and designer inspector certified individuals in good standing with the organization may order these stamps from lpi to promote their certification on drawings or other submittal information for projects. Preface with the increased use of sensitive electronic equipment and greater awareness of structural protection, the need for certified lightning protection is increasing. Examples of existing methods include geometrical constructions, such as the cone of protection and rolling sphere method which is based on electrogeometric models egms. Additional training on understanding lightning effects on airplanes and inspection instructions may be requested through the boeing. The basis of conventional lightning protection technology. Types of lightning protection systems lps electrical knowhow.
Zipse, fellow, ieee abstractthe successful 200yearold method of using a franklin rod to collect, control, and convey to earth the awesome and destructive power of lightning has produced other controversial, potential alternate methods. Lightning protection of buildings is a separate subject beyond the scope of this book. Introduction to lightning protectionintroduction to lightning protection lightning definitionslightning definitions air terminal a strike termination device that is aair terminal a. Empirical design methods classical assume that the shielding device wire or mast can intercept all the lightning strokes arriving over the subject area if the shielding device maintains a certain geometrical relation separation and differential height to the protected object. Protection zone of a lightning protection system may be defined as the volume of space inside which an air termination provides protection against a direct lightning strike by attracting the strike to itself 3. Bs 7671 18th edition transient overvoltage protection. Today, lightning protection systems are in use on thousands of buildings, homes, factories, towers, and even the space shuttles launch pad. Benjamin franklin invented the lightning rod in 1753. Lightning protection calculation lightning protection. Experimental analysis of preventive lightning protection.
On completion of the installation the following isolated and combined testing measurement and or checks has to be made and the results. Using lightning protection rods and wires as lightning arresters, it visually illustrates the required results in form of the lightning protection volumes and areas. General electrical requirements that are common to more than one section of. Today, lightning protection systems are in use on thousands of buildings.
Lightning protection level an overview sciencedirect. Earthing and lightning protection systems maintenance. Bs eniec 62305 lightning protection general standard. It has been shown that in cases where damage has occurred to a protected structure, the damage was due to additions or repairs to the building or to deterioration or mechanical damage that was allowed to go undetected and unrepaired, or both.
Fundamentals of lightning protection systems course no. Surge protection for electronics in lowvoltage electrical systems 7. Atmospheric discharges lightning triggered fi res long before humans walked the earth. Lpi advocates use of lpiip as the thirdparty inspection. Acamj 2053b lightning protection f fuel systems acamj 206a acamj 20tbd lightning environment document acamj 20tbd zoning document nprmlnpa for part 23 t 1 nprmlnpa for.
Additional training on understanding lightning effects on airplanes and inspection instructions may be requested through the boeing airlines representative. Therefore, this catalogue provides you with some helpful information. In 1955, the lightning protection institute lpi 4 was formed. Lightning protection standard the bs eniec 62305 standard for lightning protection was originally published in september 2006, to supercede the previous standard, bs 6651. Poor or high resistance connections to ground are the leading cause of lightning system failure for each one of these systems. Reflecting the latest protection methods, devices, and safety challenges, the 2017 edition of nfpa 780, standard for the installation of lightning protection systems is the new industry benchmark for protecting lives and property from fire and related dangers associated with lightning events. In essence, structural lightning protection can no longer be considered in isolation, protection. The lightning protection industry began in the united states when benjamin franklin postulated that lightning was electricity, and a metal rod could be used to carry the lightning. In practice, the rolling sphere method is widely used. This is in part the reason why there is so much needless lightning damage. The calculation method primtech supports lightning calculations according to the din vde 0101 standard as well as the rollingsphere method derived from iec 623051 standard.
Thus, documented methods for the special protection of equipment from lightning cannot be found in the two main codes or the lightning protection standard that are systematically referred to for practically. Design methods electrogoemetric design methods egm attractive effect of the shielding device is a function of the amplitude of the current of the lightning stroke. The lightning phenomenon lightning is the phenomenon which accompanies the discharge of atmospheric charges from cloud to cloud or from cloud to earth. History of lightning protection system design in tactical systems i. Politis 3 1 electrical and computer engineering, universi ty of patras. The lightning protection institute is a nationwide notforprofit organization founded in 1955 to promote lightning protection education, awareness, and safety.
Faraday cages, topological shields and more practical approaches. Topics include the types of damage, lightningstrike protection design principles, damage inspection methods, allowable damage limits, repairs, and restoration of protective methods. Ul marking and application guides are updated as necessary due to new product development. Buy nfpa 780, standard for the installation of lightning. Amdt 2 2012 amended to replace the table on lightning ground flash density.
The use of nonpermanent protection methods has emerged in lightning protection in the last decade. Lightning protection initially as part of an nfpa task force, since disbanded assembled for the purpose of responding to the nfpa standards committee decision 0030, specifically the request for technical. State of the art for the installation of lightning protection. In 1753 the fi rst lightning conductor was invented, enabling electrostatic hazards as the sources of ignition for fi res to be signifi cantly reduced. This lightning conductor is made up of a 2 to 8 m high tapered metal rod that dominates the structure to be. Section 16050, basic methods and requirements electrical. The subject of surge protection is rather complicated and requires special knowledge. There are different methods of lightning protection systems. Lightning strokeslightning strokes at i llihtia typical lightning lightning stroke shape stroke can last for over one second gg p over one second and consist of many strokes discharges, sometimes over ten, each with aneach with an arcchannel current of between 2ka and 200ka 1% of200ka 1% of strokes exceed 200ka.
Now the third revised edition of the english lightning protection guide is available. As illustrated positive electrical charges gather in the clouds and negative. Reflecting the latest protection methods, devices, and safety challenges, the 2017 edition of nfpa 780, standard for the installation of lightning protection systems is the new industry benchmark for. W the basics of lightning and surge protection 6690 20 w. However, the refs 2, 3 can provide some useful overview on lightning protection systems covered by standards such as bseniec 62305.
Nfpa 780 includes lightning protection for typical building construction in chapter four as requirements for ordinary structures. Lightning strokeslightning strokes at i llihtia typical lightning lightning stroke shape stroke can last for over one second gg p over one second and consist of many strokes discharges, sometimes over. Lightning protection initially as part of an nfpa task force, since disbanded assembled for the purpose of responding to the nfpa standards committee decision 0030, specifically the request for technical substantiation of the lightning protection techniques and practice contained in modern lightning protection standards. The importance of lightning protection 6 7 key considerations identifying the need for both external and internal lightning protection for effective cover against lightning strikes technical design service 8 9 not only do we supply lightning protection and earthing materials, we will also design the system you need. Lightning protection system design and installation. Evaluation of rolling sphere method using leader potential. Standard for the installation of lightning protection systems. Lightning protection theory schirtec lightning protection. This chapter details methods of estimating lightning strike probabilities, the risk associated with this hazard and estimating the cost of this damage extended over the system life. The grounding methods presented in this handbook make a clear distinction between static grounding and power grounding.
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